The War of 1812 lasted for two years between 1812 and 1814. The United States later declared war on German ally Austria-Hungary on December 7, 1917. Allies couldnt have won WW2 without full US support Allies could have won WW2 with US material aid but without US manpower Results are only viewable after voting. Lend-Lease to the Soviets was critical even in 1941: You really need to broaden your sources, Lend-Lease had nil effect on the outcome of Barbarossa, and again you are trying to narrow the scope of the discussion. Operation Market Garden is a special case that demonstrates this, for example. The lack of lend-lease would have made life very difficult, and it would have taken much longer to assemble any kind of invasion force - possibly allowing Germany to develop atomic weapons and extended range missiles. All kinds of approaches exist for this topic, as well as all kinds of counter arguments to all kinds of propositions. Which still means the answer to the OP is yes, the Allies could win. World War II in Europe was Germany and Italy, which was joined by Finland, Hungary, Romania, and to some extent Bulgaria. This naturally means that though lack of such supplies like radios and vehicles like trucks would be detrimental, they would not have been critical. In contrast, people in Eastern Front were ordered to die where they stood. Less than six months later, France and Britain were dragged into the war. In World War II, the Allies outfought the Axis on land, in the air, and at sea. Even if Japan wisely realized this (and it seems they did, in Khalkin Gol) and refrained from pushing towards USSR, Soviets would still keep divisions across the border even if themselves did not advance that would force Japan to keep defenses and divisions here, reducing their war effort elsewhere. This article examines the claim made by Soviet historiography, and it comes to the conclusion that both Western supplies and military intervention were far more helpful than claimed by the Soviets. With farm labour cut to the bone, to permit the maximum concentration of manpower on the Red Army and on armaments production, only those who worked received adequate rations. With Britain gone, Hitler could have transferred more of his Panzer Divisions from France as well as the Afrika Corps. "In order to really assess the significance of Lend-Lease for the Soviet victory, you only have to imagine how the Soviet Union would have had to fight if there had been no Lend-Lease aid," Sokolov wrote. War of 1812. In the Western popular imagination -- particularly the American one -- World War II is a conflict we won. The only viable route seems to be towards the West from Northern Italy, from a narrow region towards France. "One-on-one against Hitler's Germany, we would not have withstood its onslaught and would have lost the war. This Douglas is the only Lend-Lease aircraft that remains in Russia.". And now they are saying that we had plenty of everything on our own.". In addition, there would have been constant shortages of transportation and fuel. This proved crucial in the Blitzkrieg against the Low Countries and France. How behind Japan was in regard to war production and technology, we see in 1939 in Khalkin Gol, where Zhukov had devastated a sizable Japanese army during the course of ~4 months. Germany built no heavy bombers and lacked any truly effective long range aircraft. Both sides would have complained. Despite the self-professed role of the US as the guardian of freedom, democracy, human rights and the world order, and the huge sums of money it spends on its military, it has never led a successful campaign to achieve the goals it set for itself. They're exposed to a German counter attack eastward from Munich or westward from Budapest, maybe both at the same time. Keeping America out of the war should have been the goal for Germany. Many contributed to relief efforts; others volunteered as ambulance drivers or nurses, or even as pilots and soldiers. My British born-American raised Mother has told me that my British born-Britsh raised Aunt Bethel always claimed that "Spam saved England" ---because it was ration free. More than 20,000 Katyusha mobile multiple-rocket launchers were mounted on the chassis of American Studebaker trucks. Kennedy says that most historians agree that American entry into World War I tipped the scales against Germany and that without the participation of the United States the Allies would have lost, defined as having to make a compromise peace with the Germans largely on German terms. Things werent going well for the. Without the American entry into World War II, its possible Japan would have consolidated its position of supremacy in East Asia and that the war in Europe could have dragged on for far longer than it did. Should we condemn the French Revolution? Theres rather broad agreement among mainstream historians on this. But without the Allies in his back, Hitler would have sent all his But right before the Normandy landings, this region (France, Atlantic Wall) was still considered a holiday region by German army, and sons, relatives of notables, party figures were sent there rather than Eastern Front as one old BBC documentary so bluntly put it. WebThe war may have lasted into 1946, but the Soviets would still have captured Berlin and probably would have overrun the rest of Germany, too. W. Without the need to fight in the Atlantic; to transport large amounts of troops, equipment, and supplies across the entire continent; and the necessity to defend against Allied bombing, Germany could have massively reduced its U-boat, locomotive, and anti-aircraft gun and ammunition production and converted at least part of these capacities into the production of more aircraft and equipment for land warfare. WebIf the US continued to send supplies to the Allies, then the Allies probably win, nothing else appearing. However, I have serious doubts that the Germans would have been able to win the war had the USA stay neutral. "It should be remembered that during World War I, the transportation crisis in Russia in 1916-17 that did a lot to facilitate the February Revolution [which lead to the abdication of the tsar] was caused by a shortage in the production of railway rails, engines, and freight cars because industrial production had been diverted to munitions," Sokolov wrote. For a better experience, please enable JavaScript in your browser before proceeding. This might have led to the curious prospect of Nazi Germany, France and Britain fighting on the same side, however briefly, in a war against the Soviet Union. WebA quick look at the strategic setup, relative war production and technology level of countries seems to suggest that Ww2 could have been won without United States. FranceWhich countries have won the most battles? The war might have ended in 1915 or 1916 with a negotiated peace In 1941-2 we started to lose shipping to U boats faster than we could build them so we would eventually have brought to starvation without the US Liberty ships. And Soviet forces would have been much more poorly coordinated with a constant lack of radio equipment. Yes Lend-Lease was vital, In order to ensure that tank production goals were met by Soviet industry, Stalin made Vyacheslav Malyshev, an engineer who had proven himself in the expansion of Soviet heavy industry in the 1930s, head of the Peoples Commissariat of the Tank Industry of the USSR (NKTP) that was established on 11 September. WebWithout the Russian Front, Germany would have turned the beaches of Europe into an impenetrable fortress. Of course, the easiest way Germany could have won World War II was by avoiding a fight with Britain, France, and the United States of America. 'We Would Have Lost': Did U.S. Lend-Lease Aid Tip The Balance In Soviet Fight Against Nazi Germany? Today to win a war even against a regional power there is a process that often involves "coalition" building. On April 23, 1947, it was forced to make an emergency landing with 36 people on board near the village of Volochanka on the Taimyr Peninsula. On: July 7, 2022. Throw in the fact that Germany's victories in Poland, Denmark, Norway, the Netherlands, Belgium, and France didn't really help this tied down vast amounts of men and material that could have been better used on the frontlines in the Soviet Union. America fought five major wars after 1945 including Korea, Vietnam, Gulf War, Iraq, and Afghanistan in addition to some minor wars in Somalia, Yemen, and Libya. WebThe Big Three. They did not have the important critical resources, minerals needed for war production, hampering their already technologically backward equipment. Italy was a reliable partner but its army was neither prepared nor even eager for war. Does Nike Training Club Have Weight Training? Without U.S. entry, there would have no Versailles Treaty, termed a diktat by Hitler, who used it to arouse Germany against the Weimar Republic and Wilsons League of Nations. For a better experience, please enable JavaScript in your browser before proceeding. Germany invaded France with more horses than Napoleon had used in 1812! WebBy the time the allies were pushing through Europe, the US had collected many victories in the pacific, the arena of carriers and planes. After Hitler became increasingly sidelined, this became a blunt policy, as you would see from the personal stories of relatives of (German) Quorans in regard to the late stages of war, and how many of them were ferried back to West so that they could surrender to the other Allies. Recall that 75% of the German soldiers killed in WWII were killed by the The United States is a country of machines. Our tank production was lower than Germany's and the quality was appalling. It may not display this or other websites correctly. What were strength estimates of German forces in Budapest and Munich? We'd really have had to fight them on the beaches & landing grounds, and the western front would have had to have been opened from Ireland. Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty 2023 RFE/RL, Inc. All Rights Reserved. [Total: 0 Average: 0] Without the backing of American weaponry, munitions and loans, the Allies would have been forced to abandon their goal of the knockout blow. Isolation was no longer an option. Here are some actions that Germany might have taken to achieve its territorial objectives without fighting the Western Powers. WebWithout US forces supporting invasions of Normandy, Morocco, and Italy, the British Empire would have to recruit the missing American soldiers, but with American lend "In a hypothetical battle one-on-one between the U.S.S.R and Germany, without the help of Lend-Lease and without the diversion of significant forces of the Luftwaffe and the German Navy and the diversion of more than one-quarter of its land forces in the fight against Britain and the United States, Stalin could hardly have beaten Hitler," Sokolov wrote in an essay for RFE/RL's Russian Service. This caused him to do an about-face and guarantee Poland against potential German military aggression, which Hitler had never even contemplated up to that point. Therefore, the prospects for an Allied victory after the Fall of France without the US are indeed very grim. This, in turn, would have delayed the Soviet invasion of Finland until 1940. It was really the only time Nazi Germany had actually declared war on an enemy, and it needed not to have happened. This series of events also would have almost certainly led to a German-Polish alliance against the Soviets that Hitler had long sought for as the Poles would have had no choice but to ally with Nazi Germany if they had any hopes of ever regaining the two-thirds of their territory which had been annexed by the Soviets under the terms of the original Hitler-Stalin Pact. When World War II started, America was isolationist and the Soviet Union collaborationist. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Robert Coalson is a senior correspondent for RFE/RLwho covers Russia, the Balkans, and Eastern Europe. Though Germans would rightfully conclude that at that point a British invasion would not have much impact, therefore reduce their divisions in the West quite a lot. What were the 3 reasons the US entered WW1? Overall Soviet armour losses in 1942 were 62 per cent of those tanks built which was less than the German build: loss rate and indicated that the Red Army could absorb huge losses in material. Many of the arguments are colored either by existing national or social biases, and many of them are colored by propaganda be it World War II propaganda, be it Cold War propaganda. After all the euphoria in London and Paris over the avoidance of war with Germany in 1938 with the Munich Agreement, which enshrined the Wilsonian principle of self-determination to allow the 3.5 million Germans in the Sudetenland to unite with Germany, Chamberlain viewed Hitlers violation of the pact as a personal insult and breach of honor. These territorial claims included the entire Istrian peninsula and northern Dalmatian coast and adjacent islands in the Adriatic Sea as well as a protectorate over Albania, all of which ended up being annexedfollowing the Axis invasion of Yugoslavia in April 1941. 4, issues 17-20), Captain America awakens from suspended animation in 1964 to find thatdue to a Its merely that their Prime Minister is balking, Stimson wrote in his diary. But we have much to learn from that achievement as we face our troubles today. The result would have been an eastern block streching to the atlantic and a much weaker post war US. WebIn the 20032004 Captain America story arc Cap Lives (Captain America Vol. The same applies to their contribution in forcing the Germans to leave most heavy artillery in the Reich as anti-aircraft weapons, preventing them from being used as anti-tank weapons in the East. As history tells us, Operation Overlord was a success as Allied forces managed to breach Hitlers However, even with lack of US presence in the war, Germany would still need to keep some presence in this Atlantic Wall of theirs. 117,000The armies of the Central Powers mobilised 25 million soldiers and 3.5 million of them died.World War 1 casualties. Red Army tank officers were not impressed with the 2-pounder (40mm) gun on the Matilda and Valentines, nor their poor cross-country mobility, but their 6075mm-thick armour was impervious to German 3.7cm and 5cm anti-tank weapons. There is no denying that German industry was able to produce some very fine weapons and military equipment. After the war, it was transferred to civilian aviation, carrying passengers over the frozen tundra above the Arctic Circle. Many experts have considered the US impossible to invade because of its major industries, reliable and fast supply lines, large geographical size, geographic location, population size, and difficult regional features. US started the war with equipment rather sub par for European front (Tanks, Aircraft especially), and when first batches of these supplies arrived in USSR, they were already unusable in the main front except a few items and they were in small numbers. It was really the only time Nazi Germany had actually declared war on an enemy, and it needed not to have happened. Thats assuming they were able to make advances. Stalin was of the same opinion but naturally did not admit it publicly. The Soviet failure to invest in developing armoured personnel carriers for their infantry, better reconnaissance vehicles and mobile flak guns were serious technical mistakes that proved costly in battle, but Lend-Lease deliveries of US-made halftracks and reconnaissance vehicles helped to partly rectify this deficiency by the last year of the war. After the fall of France in June From the depths of the Cold War to the present day, many Soviet and Russian politicians have ignored or downplayed the impact of American assistance to the Soviets, as well as the impact of the entire U.S.-British war against the Nazis. In conclusion, if Germany won WW1, the German government would have been considerably more powerful and the Austro-Hungarian and Ottoman Empires would have lasted longer. There would have been no Yugoslavian uprising delaying Barbarossa by two months and Moscow would have been taken in late 1941. Dont Violate the Munich Pact by Occupying the Czech provinces of Bohemia and Moravia. On February 24, 1943, a Douglas C-47 Skytrain transport aircraft with serial number 42-32892 rolled out of a factory in Long Beach, California, and was handed over to the U.S. Air Force. You must log in or register to reply here. Italy and Japan never posed the same kind of threat as the European superpower they fought alongside. Churchill is particularly a factor in this. However, the overall 71 exchange ratio between Soviet and German tank losses was inconsistent with the Red Army gaining any kind of superiority over the Wehrmachts panzer forces. The Lend-Lease act was enacted in March 1941 and authorized the United States to provide weapons, provisions, and raw materials to strategically important countries fighting Germany and Japan -- primarily, the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union, and China. What role did the United States play in World War I? Much contention. Having to only fight a one-front war against the Soviet Union might have enabled the Poles to hold out for a few months instead of a few weeks against the Soviet onslaught perhaps resulting in a few hundred thousand more Red Army casualties. Most Russians believe the Soviet military would have been able to win World War II without the efforts of the U.S. or its allies, a new poll finds. Lend-Lease trucks and jeeps put the Russian Army on wheels for the first time ever while US food (including, famously, spam)kept the Russian population going. Of course, we are not taking tactical considerations into account. Rommel had scarce manpower and supplies at his disposal, yet he made good use of what he had, and Britain succeeded in stopping Germans only with amassing of massive resources and manpower in firstFirst Battle of El Alamein. Nikita Khruschev, who later became Soviet Premier, was aware of this and noted in his memoirs: "How could we have advanced from Stalingrad and Kursk on to Berlin without American aid and foodstuffs? The Poles would likely have accepted their peace offer after the Soviets invaded Poland on September 17 in order to defend Poland from the all-out Soviet invasion and planned Soviet annexation of nearly two-thirds of Polish territory under the original Hitler-Stalin Pact. The others were never found. Also the liberty ships were built mainly for the US government and weren't in full production until late 42 (after the u-boats had been beaten by bletchly park). WebIn the summer of 1945, Japans war leaders knew they were not going to win World War II. The Allies alone could not possibly have defeated Germany. The lend-lease deal wasn't signed untill september 1940 and therefore didn't affect the decision to "pospone" sealion. The United States and the British Commonwealth provided 55 percent of all the aluminum the Soviet Union used during the war and more than 80 percent of the copper. The captain, two crew members, and six passengers had left earlier in an ill-fated effort to get help. Especially considering that the route from NW China/Korea to Soviet heartland passes through never ending Central Asian steppes. At these loss rates, the Red Army was still far more dependent upon Lend-Lease armour than it was willing to admit, and it did not have enough excess production to fully outfit its best units with T-34s until mid-1943. We would have lost North Africa and the far east. The entry of the United States was the turning point of the war, because it made the eventual defeat of Germany possible. Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson, fifteen years older than FDR and highly respected by him as an open-minded, patriotic Republican, had had Hopkins to lunch in his office at the Pentagon the day before he left for Tehran expressly to explore how they could stiffen the presidents resolve. Though, it is questionable how much of the soldiers from Germanys privileged classes would be shipped to Eastern Front in that case. Lend Lease for USSR was important in non-combat equipment radios, trucks and similar. Poland would most likely have joined in the German-led invasion of the Soviet Union in exchange for promises for Germanys support for the return of these lost territories. The Lusitania. "I knew that its place was in a museum," Vyacheslav Filippov, a colonel in the Russian Air Force reserve who has written extensively about the Lend-Lease program's Siberian connection, told RFE/RL at the time. Could we really have set up the production of our tanks without American steel? Germany had the military potential to defeat France and could have likely forced Britain to make peace, but with a Navy less than one-sixth the size of Britains, it had no means of attacking U.S. territory, let alone defeating the U.S. military. I already posted a similar thread about US involvement in WWI. As noted, it dragged the Germans into campaigns that were unnecessary including in Greece and North Africa, and then when Benito Mussolini's government was toppled Germany was forced to occupy its former ally. On December 8, 1941, one day after the attack on Pearl Harbor, the United States declared war on Japan. History Forum for World History - Historical Events, Historians, Archaeology, Ancient History, Modern History, Human History, History Books, Military History. And as it happened in the real life, that means the fall of the entire German south flank in East and the loss of the Balkans. However, the real significance of Lend-Lease for the Soviet war effort was that it covered the "sensitive points" of Soviet production -- gasoline, explosives, aluminum, nonferrous metals, radio communications, and so on, says historian Boris Sokolov. Perhaps if it hadn't wasted time in securing Greece after Italy bungled that invasion, Germany could have launched the invasion of the Soviet Union a bit earlier. Without landing craft another example of wrong equipment and lacking control of the skies of Great Britain, an invasion by Germany was simply impossible. Had Hitlers claims against Poland been negotiated peacefully, not only would he have succeeded in averting the outbreak of war with Poland and the Western Allies, but he would not have felt the need to sign the Hitler-Stalin Pact of August 1939 carving up eastern Europe between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union. If Hitler had accepted Czech President Emil Hachas request to make the Czech Republic a German protectorate without actually occupying it with German forces, then he would not have been in violation of the Munich Pact. He is the author of several books on military headgear including A Gallery of Military Headdress, which is available on Amazon.com. It is hard to overestimate the negative impact Hitlers foolhardy violation of the Munich Pact had upon Chamberlain. So even though Japan could easily cripple British presence in SE Asia easily with its Navy (they mostly did that already), it is rather difficult to imagine Japan subduing India which would turn into another China for Japan. JavaScript is disabled. The exhausted Allies would have had to negotiate some kind of settlement with Central Power forces occupying almost all of what is now Ukraine, Poland, and the Baltic republics in the east; most of Romania and Yugoslavia in Southern Europe, as well as a bit of Italy; and almost all of Belgium and most of northeast, 5 Reasons the United States Entered World War One. As the world marks the 75th anniversary of the end of World War II, it would be much better not only for the history of Russia but also for the countrys future if Russian leaders were willing to permitand even encouragea more even-handed discussion of the Soviet Unions role in the war. 3 US as the major part of landings in Northern Africa, Italy and Europe. And even if Atlantic War would have been more destructive to Britain and possibly not even won, Britains presence as a naval power would not diminish, and hence the risk of invasion of Western Europe would not go away. September 1 marked the eightieth anniversary of the outbreak of World War II, which cost the lives of an estimated fifty to sixty million people and was the most terrible war in world history. We all know how the war turned outwith an overwhelming Soviet-Western Allied victory over Nazi Germany ending with the destruction of Germany and the death by starvation of millions of its citizens. I think the USSR could have beat Germany even without american aid, aldo I wouldn't be surprised if one of the three mayor Soviet cities on the frontline had fallen, probably Stalingrad. Roosevelt had caved in to Churchills delaying tactics on the invasion before, and now all concerned, from Hopkins to Marshall to Leahy, were worried it might happen again. Why did Romania, Hungary, and Bulgaria ally with Germany in WWII and what impact did they have? With Great Britain in the war it meant Germany was dragged into various side campaigns from Greece to North Africa. Russian Federation Soviet Union Did Spanish really brutally enslave and murder Native Americans, All US Needed To Beat Russia Was To Wait 10 Years, You Can Be a Billionaire Without Exploiting Others, Stress is Most Likely the Biggest Reason for the Obesity Epidemic. WebIt must be baldly stated: Germany would have won World War I had the U.S. Army not intervened in France in 1918.The French and British were barely hanging on in 1918. WebThis June, seventy-five years will have passed since the largest invasion fleet in the history of warfare landed on five beachheads in Normandy, France.On Tuesday, 6 June 1944, D-day kicked off the Allied operation to liberate Western Europe from Nazi control. British armaments orders would have started to dry up in late 1940 early 41 as currency reserves ran out. Even with everything noted above, Germany and its European partners could have still won the war were it not for Germany's declaration of war on the United States on December 11, 1941. We have seen a hundred times, especially in American cinema, references to how the help of the USA was indispensable for the allied victory in Europe. In addition, much of the $31 billion worth of aid sent to the United Kingdom was also passed on to the Soviet Union via convoys through the Barents Sea to Murmansk. This, of course, was the ultimate objective of Chamberlains accommodationist policy of Nazi Germany all along. This is the first in a series of five articles providing critical analysis as to how Germany Might Have Won World War II. I suspect the worse that would have happened immediately would have been an emergency relocation to Canada by the government if a Nazi invasion had taken place and been successful. The Joint Chiefs of Staff anticipated trouble with Churchill. Considering all the above information, it is reasonable to conclude that the war could be won without participation of US, or even Lend Lease, but it would cost much more lives and take much longer, and affect broader segments of world population. He could have requested the return of all of Germanys lost eastern territories from Poland. Had the German invasion of Russia occurred in other climatic conditions, and with the Japanese army attacking in the eastern region, perhaps the result would have been different. "I want to tell you what, from the Russian point of view, the president and the United States have done for victory in this war," Stalin said. Unfortunately, his offer was ignored by Allied leaders who proceeded to declare war the following day. During the Spanish Civil War, which has been called a dress rehearsal for the Second World War, Germany's Luftwaffe perfected its strategy of using dive bombers and close-support attack aircraft. However, if Germany had limited itself to liberating the Polish occupied German city of Danzig and invading the Polish Corridor, which represented the full extent of his territorial claims on Poland, and which it captured in the first four days of fighting, then Hitler could have requested an armistice from Polish leaders on September 5.
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