267-281 (15 pages) https://www.jstor.org/stable/4243207 About this issue Terms and copyright This item is openly available as part of an Open JSTOR Collection. On December 27, 1776, the Continental Congress gave Washington temporary control over certain military decisions that the Congress ordinarily regarded as its own prerogative. With about 300 men on each side facing one another, the British soon charged with bayonets. Gen. William Woodford's Brigade. Virginia Independent Companies Regiment of Guards Search Virginia Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775-1783 fromThe National Archives: NARA M246. Captain Rowland Madison In October 1780 the Continental Congress, in consultation with George Washington, ordered a further reorganization of the Continental Army. Recognizing this as a demotion, Henry refused the commission and resigned effective February 28, 1776. Companies recruited men from Hampshire, Berkeley, Botetourt, Dunmore, and Prince Edward counties. That the Soldiers of that Regiment had assurances by the Officers who enlisted them to be continued on that side of the Mountain, is a fact, perhaps unknown to your Excellency, but true it is such engagements drew in many married Men to enlist, who have since been forced down here, leaving their helpless Families in a most miserable condition. The single exception was the two-company 9th Virginia Regiment of 1779, which was stationed at Fort Pitt (the present Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania). Because they were on detached service with Col. Abraham Buford, captains Thomas Calett and John Stokes escaped at Charleston, Catlett only to be killed and Stokes wounded at The Waxhaws later in the month. Reorganized and redesignated on May 12, 1779 as the 5th Virginia to consist of 9 companies. Some months later, many of the captured were moved to harsher conditions aboard British prison ships where many perished or remained until the end of the war. 2d Company - Capt. Captain Andrew Waggoner [2] In the White Plains rearrangement the Virginia Line was reorganized thus: The Virginia regiments were still understrength and continued to dwindle in 1779, reduced to a fraction of their paper strength; at this point, regimental history becomes very confusing to track. With the Americans standing up to and repulsing the British the battle was considered a great victory for Washington and his Army. Captain Joseph Mitchel In Sterling's Brigade, the 1st Virginia, alongside the 1st and 3rd New Hampshire Regiments, attacked the 42nd Royal Highland Regiment. Three Additional Continental regiments were raised and allotted to Virginia in 1777. Reorganization of the Virginia Line, 1778-1779, Reorganization of the Virginia Line, 1781, Grayson's Additional Continental Regiment, Thruston's Additional Continental Regiment, United States Army Center of Military History, West Virginians in the American Revolution, Bibliography of the Continental Army in Virginia, Rawling's Additional Continental Regiment, Extra Continental regiments and Additional Continental regiments, Militia units that participated alongside, Regulations for the Order and Discipline of the Troops of the United States, George Washington in the American Revolution, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Virginia_Line&oldid=1144945520, Virginia regiments of the Continental Army, Military units and formations of the Continental Army, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, The 1st Virginia Regiment was commanded by, The 2d Virginia Regiment was commanded by. Captain William Vause Home Battles 1775 to 1783 Campaigns Continental Army Continental Navy British Army Flags of the Revolution War Facts War Leaders Patriot Leaders British Leaders 12th Virginia Regiment 1. The remaining six regiments (the 10th through 15th Virginia Regiments) were entirely new. On August 24, 1777, Washington's Army of 16,000 regulars and militia marched through Philadelphia to Wilmington, Delaware, and by September 11, the two armies were poised for battle near Brandywine Creek, Pennsylvania. In December 1779, the 2nd Virginia Regiment was temporarily consolidated with the 3d reassigned to the Southern Department to counter a new British threat as part of General William Woodford's brigade. Lafayette's Division | Woodford's Brigade | 11th Virginia Regiment. The 2nd Virginia Regiment was authorized by the Virginia Convention, July 17, 1775, as a force of regular troops for the Commonwealth's defense. Buller Claiborne, January 31, 1776. Press Esc to cancel. The Convention ordered that an additional 72 companies be raised and that the term of service of the original fifteen companies be extended. He survived for a week before dying. Copyright 2017 RevolutionaryWar.us | All Rights Reserved, The First Virginia Regiment of Foot 1775-1783, Daniel Morgan's Independent Rifle Company, The Regiment was authorized on August 21, 1775 in the Virginia State Troops as the 2nd Virginia Regiment, Organized on October 21, 1775 at Williamsburg to consist of 7 companies, Adopted on November 1, 1775 into the Continental Army, Reorganized on January 11, 1776 to consist of 10 companies, It was assigned on February 27, 1776 to the, It was assigned on May 22, 1777 to the 2nd Virginia Brigade, an element of the Main Continental Army, Consolidated on May 12, 1779 with the 6th Virginia Regiment (see, Relieved on December 4, 1779 from assignment to the 1st Virginia Brigade and assigned to the, Captured on May 12, 1780 by the British Army at. The success and heroism shown by the Continental troops in this relatively small engagement was a much needed morale boost for the Americans. Also designated at various times: 2nd Battalion, Virginia Forces on Provisional Establishment; 2nd Virginia Battalion of Foot in the Service of the United States; 2nd Virginia Regiment on Continental Establishment; 2nd Virginia Detachment; 2nd Virginia Battalion. Frontier, Historiography, The War Years (1775-1783) March 18, 2021 March 15, 2021. . An additional 350 under Colonel Abraham Buford in the 3rd Virginia Cavalry were killed or wounded at Waxhaws, South Carolina. Organized on February 12, 1777 to consist of 9 companies from Chesterfield, Brunswick, Southampton, King William, Mansemond, Princess Anne, Isle of Wight, Surry, Sussex, Westmoreland, Northumberland, and Richmond Counties and the Borough of Norfolk. 4th Virginia Brigade redesignated on July 22, 1778 as the 3rd Virginia Brigade. Given the number of men fit for duty, these regiments are not really regiments at all any more, yet they are still named as such. Beyond the Classroom. The 1st Virginia spent the winter with Washington's army at Morristown, New Jersey. Captain Michael Bowyer In 1779 the three units were consolidated into Gist's regiment. Instead, Howe eventually sailed his troops to Head of Elk, Maryland where they began to march on Philadelphia. In 1780, the word Detachment comes into use, describing a 700-man conglomeration of these regiments. The 1st Virginia Detachment was led by Richard Parker. Captured on May 12, 1780 by the British Army at Charleston, South Carolina . Search Connecticut Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775-1783 from The National Archives, Search Compiled Service Records of Soldiers Who Served from Connecticut in the American Army During the Revolution from The National Archives. Colonel Abraham Buford, Major George Stubblefield, and Major Samuel Cabell. Morgan Alexander, November 27, 1775. The regiment would see action at the Battle of Brandywine, Battle of Germantown, Battle of Monmouth, and Siege of Charleston. There were 16 Additional regiments planned of which only 14 were actually raised. Both armies rested overnight and Clinton moved the British on toward New York early the next morning. Fifteen Americans were killed in the attack, including a private from the First Virginia. The battle ended with the Americans withdrawing and Greene's division holding off a determined British attack as the Americans fell back. The 12th Regiment was formed in February 1777. On December 28, 1775, the Continental Congress voted to raise four more regiments in Virginia. Reduced on October 7, 1777 to a cadre in eastern Pennsylvania. Virginia's Soldiers in the Revolution. Companies recruited men from Frederick, Dunmore ( Shenandoah ), Berkeley, Augusta, Hampshire, Fincastle, and Culpeper Counties and West Augusta District. The Commander of the "new" Fifth was Col. William Russell. On September 14, 1778, the 2nd Virginia Regiment was consolidated with the depleted 6th Virginia Regiment at White Plains. On April 24, Parker was killed during a British assault. When dawn arrived the next morning, the British were surprised to find that Washington's army had quietly pulled out in the dark. During the heavy fighting Lieutenant Yates was shot in the side, and as he lay on the ground, the British shot him again in the chest, bayoneted him 13 times and clubbed him in the head. During the winter, Howe returned to England, and Gen. Henry Clinton took command of the British in Philadelphia. It was again reorganized and redesignated as the 7th Virginia Regiment on 1 January 1781 to consist of two companies. Raised in Frederick. It was assigned on Occtober 5, 1776 to Weedon's Brigade, an element of the Main Continental Army. Organized February 1777 from Hampshire, Berkeley, Botetourt, Dunmore, and Prince Edward Counties plus State Troops from Botetourt, Agusta, Hampshire and Frederick Counties, and West Agusta District. Many of the troops had their terms of enlistment expire during the four-month march; others had fallen ill or deserted. The 14th Regiment was formed in February 1777. Organized between February 9- April 4, 1776 at Suffolk Court House to consist of 10 companies from Frederick, Dunmore, Berkley, Augusta, Hampshire, Fincastle, and Culpepper Counties. 3d Company - Capt. Six of the companies were armed with muskets, and two with rifles. The regiment would see action at the Battle of Brandywine, Battle of Germantown, Battle of Monmouth and the Siege of Charleston. Captain Andrew Wallace Everard Meade, commissioned March 8, 1776, Capt. Captain Rowland Madison Organized on June 22, 1775 at Winchester, Captain Daniel Morgan commanding. Whatever was issued to such soldiers had a tendency to be lost or damaged though some items were obviously sold or kept for personal profit. The regiment saw action in the New York Campaign the battles of Trenton, Princeton, Brandywine, Germantown, Monmouth and the Siege of Charleston. Interviews. Captain Rowland Madison These documents include muster rolls, payrolls, strength returns, and other miscellaneous personnel, pay, and supply records of American Army units, 1775-83. It was subsequently organized between 5 February and 16 March 1776 and comprised seven companies of troops from easternmost Virginia. For the month of May 1778 National Archives. Benjamin Holmes (Hoomes), April 24, 1778, Colonel's Company - Capt. Texas Revolutionary War. He was appointed lieutenant colonel of the 12th Virginia Regiment in November 1776, and was promoted to colonel of the 8th Virginia Regiment in December 1777. The regiment was merged into the 2nd Virginia Regiment on May 12, 1779. The 12th Virginia Regiment was raised on September 16, 1776, at Williamsburg, Virginia, for service with the ( U.S.) Continental Army. Within a few days of the American victory at Trenton, British troops marched to the town to engage Washington's small army. These dictatorial powers included the authority to raise sixteen additional Continental infantry regiments at large. Valentine Harrison and Colin Cocke joined the regiment toward the end of the year. The Regiment was authorized on January 11, 1776 in the Virginia State Troops as the 7th Virginia Regiment. The regiment saw action in the Battle of Brandywine, Battle of Germantown, Battle of Monmouth and the Siege of Charleston. The Regiment was authorized on January 11, 1776 in the Virginia State Troops as the 9th Virginia Regiment. . Artculos cientficos; Artculos de divulgacin; Menu Shortly before the Regiment departed in December 1776 to join Gen. George Washington and the Main Army in New Jersey. The Continental Army at Valley Forge, including the men of the First Virginia, were taught the new American Drill under the command of Maj. Gen. Baron von Steuben. . The remaining six regiments (the 10th through 15th Virginia Regiments) were entirely new. These included men whose enlistments in the First Virginia expired and who later reenlisted with other units, as well as officers who were promoted to higher ranks in other units. Thomas Parker, September 30, 1783. In addition, several lieutenants were not in Charleston with their companies and were not captured. The Continental Congress ordered a reorganization of the Continental Army on May 27, 1778. The Continental Congress resolved, on November 1, 1775, to place these two regiments on the Continental establishment. The final arrangement of the Virginia Line, which took place at Winchester on January 1, 1783, created a tiny regiment of two companies, which was designated the 2nd Virginia Regiment. In times of war, those with crops to plant and harvest were reluctant to serve for more than a few weeks. The British under General Clinton arrived by sea and began the siege of Charleston on April 14. The Virginia Convention concurred on January 11, 1776. The regiment saw action at the Battle of Trenton, Battle of Princeton, Battle of Brandywine, Battle of Germantown, Battle of Monmouth and the Siege of Charleston. When the fighting started, a small British force retreated into the Chew House, a heavy stone manor that proved almost impervious to canon attack. The Regiment was authorized on September 16, 1776 in the Continental Army as the 10th Virginia Regiment. However, there is no comprehensive list of Virginia veterans of this war. Field officers at Valley Forge were Colonel Charles Lewis, [1] Lt. On December 9, 1775, three companies from the First joined the 2nd Virginia Regiment in defeating Dunmore's troops at the Battle of Great Bridge near Norfolk. The regiment saw action in the Battle of Brandywine, Battle of Germantown, Battle of Monmouth and the Siege of Charleston. The new force was to serve for not exceeding two and a half years. References External links Whenever there were colonial "alarms" about pirates or Indians, riders on horses would spread the word to various farms and the men would assemble as needed. Col. Mawhood's two British regiments had already departed Princeton when Mercer's troops were spotted behind them. In the early morning hours of December 26, Washington's small band, including the First Virginia, crossed the Delaware River, reaching the outskirts of Trenton about 8:00 am. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1967 (Originally published, 1914). The regiment saw action in the Battle of Brandywine, Battle of Germantown, Battle of Monmouth and the Siege of Charleston. People with the same name are easily confused with one another, since most records have little identifying data. Raised in Westmoreland. Relieved on May 11, 1777 from Stephen's Brigade and assigned to the 4th Virginia Brigade, an element of the. There were 16 Additional regiments planned of which only 14 were actually raised. Captain Andrew Wallace 4rd Company - Capt. Some were recruited through financial incentives, while others were forcibly drafted. Captain Benjamin Casey Heitman, Francis B. Companies, 1781-1782. Link To This Page Contact Us The 12th Virginia Regiment? United States military unit lasting from 1776 to 1783, Pay Abstract of the 12th Virginia Regiment Commanded by Col. James Wood for the month of October 1777. In September 1778 the Virginia Line was in the vicinity of White Plains, New York, after serving at the Battle of Monmouth. The 1st Virginia could only muster 64 privates present and fit for duty, and all troops were in need of clothing and other necessities. Still other Continental infantry regiments and smaller units, also unrelated to a state quota, were raised as needed for special or temporary service. The Revolutionary War in Virginia Daniel Morgan (in white uniform near front of cannon) led Virginia riflemen that targeted British officers successfully and led to the surrender of British General John Burgoyne's army at Saratoga, New York on October 17, 1777 Source: Architect of the Capitol, Surrender of General Burgoyne(painted by John Trumbull) Lee's force joined by 1,500 Americans under Brig. [2] The regiment would see action at the Battle of Brandywine, Battle of Germantown, Battle of Monmouth and the Siege of Charleston. The Continental Army - Entered Valley Forge with 495 assigned and 164 fit for duty. In 1776, Grayson had served as one of Washingtons personal aides. In May 1782, with most of the fighting over, another board of officers met and created new First and Second Regiments from new recruits and veterans. Left Valley Forge with the 4th Virginia Regiment and the 8th Virginia Regiment. Fleming read: "(he) behaved and died as bravely as a Caesar would have done, ordering his men to dress [form a line] before firing, though the enemy was within 40 yards of him, advancing fast with abusive threats what they would do. The personnel who had managed to escape capture were formed into a temporary battalion under Lt. Col. Thomas Posey. Captain William Vause Companies recruited men from Halifax, Pittsylvania, Hanover, Bedford, Albemarle, Fincastle, Dinwiddie, Prince George, Goochland, Louisa, Charlotte and Lunenburg counties. Lieutenant Thomas Catlett, Lieutenant Colonel's Company - Lt. Colin Cocke(? The 8th Virginia Regiment was raised on January 11, 1776 at Suffolk Court House, Virginia for service with the Continental Army under the command of Peter Muhlenberg. The Virginians were not wealthy enough to afford full-time soldiers. Not all Continental infantry regiments raised in a state were part of a state quota, however. The 1st Virginia Regiment was authorized by the Virginia Convention of July 17, 1775, as a provincial defense unit composed of six musket and two rifle companies under the command of Patrick Henry. The regiment saw action in the Battle of Brandywine, Battle of Germantown, Battle of Monmouth and the Siege of Charleston. Organized on February 3, 1777 to consist of 4 companies from Loudoun, Frederick, Prince William and Amelia Counties. There is a monument a half a mile from the battle site, which is now known as Buford Crossroads and surrounding community known as Buford". Captain Johnathan Langdon, November 1777 12th Virginia Regiment Company Commanders[2] Captain Thomas Bowyer The unit marched to defend Charleston, South . In order to avoid a full-scale engagement Washington continued to retreat from Howe's slow-moving British redcoats. Under this reorganization, which was to be effective on January 1, 1781, Virginia was assigned a quota of eight infantry regiments. Captain Michael Bowyer 8th Company - Capt. Reorganized on June 8, 1776 to consist of 10 companies. The 3rd Virginia Regiment was raised on December 28, 1775 at Alexandria, Virginia for service with the Continental Army. State Troops recruited men from Botetourt, Augusta, Hampshire, and Frederick counties and West Augusta District. The Virginia Convention concurred on January 11, 1776. The fifteen Virginia Regiments had a total of 2,925 men fit for duty, averaging less than 200 men each. The unit was reassigned to the 2nd Virginia Brigade on 22 July 1778, and it was reorganized to nine companies and redesignated as the 7th Virginia Regiment on 12 May 1779. In September 1778 the Virginia Line was in the vicinity of White Plains, New York, after serving at the Battle of Monmouth. Adopted on May 31, 1776 into the Continental Army and assigned to the. Bibliography of the Continental Army in Virginia, United States Army Center of Military History, Grayson's Additional Continental Regiment, Thruston's Additional Continental Regiment, Rawling's Additional Continental Regiment, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=12th_Virginia_Regiment&oldid=1009128101, Virginia regiments of the Continental Army, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 26 February 2021, at 21:37. (Riflemen). Sanchez-Saavedra, E.M. A Guide to Virginia Military Organizations in the American Revolution, 1774-1787, (c) Virginia State Library, Richmond, VA, 1978, This page was last edited on 16 March 2023, at 12:41. Washington waited for Howe to move out of New York, expecting him to move his army north to join Brig. A Guide to the United States War Department, Revolutionary War Payrolls1776-1784 A Collection in the Library of Virginia Accession number 36989 Library of Virginia The Library of Virginia 800 East Broad Street Richmond, Virginia 23219-8000 USA Phone: (804) 692-3888 (Archives Reference) Fax: (804) 692-3556 (Archives Reference) Raised in Amelia. The regiment was merged into the 4th Virginia Regiment on May 12, 1779. By May 7, provisions were low with casualties mounting daily. Virginia troops fought from the Atlantic Ocean to the Mississippi River, and many Virginians provided some . William Taliaferro, September 29, 1775. Most of the regiment was captured at Charlestown, South Carolina on May 12, 1780, by the British Army. Captain Samuel Lapsley, March 1778 12th Virginia Regiment Company Commanders[6] The cadres for these regiments were drawn from the regiments which Virginia had sent to the field in 1775 and 1776. More often, the drinking during the militia assemblies was more intense than the target practice. However, there's another perspective: "As Tarleton came forward to discuss surrender, his horse was shot from under him and he was pinned under it while his dragoons, thinking he had been killed under a flag of truce, gave the Virginians no quarter. Officers of the Continental Army below the rank of brigadier general were ordinarily ineligible for promotion except in the line of their own state. Gen. Hugh Mercer, guarding the road to Trenton. In the mean time Sullivan and Greene's troops managed to attack the main British force, with Greene's Virginians driving through the British line in a bayonet charge that carried to the enemy's camp. 40). These were rarely the most-disciplined or hardest-working members in the county, however. Organized on February 12, 1777 to consist of 10 companies from Augusta, Amherst, Caroline, Culpepper, Cumberland, Fairfax, Fauquier, Orange, Spotsylvania, Stafford, and King George Counties. Adopted on January 9, 1779 into the Continental Army and assigned to the. Its first commander was Colonel Peter Muhlenberg, a clergyman and militia leader. The 1st through 9th Virginia Regiments were reconstituted in the Continental Army as regiments raised to serve for the duration of the war. In theory, there were regular training sessions of the militia at the county courthouse. Relieved on May 22, 1777 from Stephen's Brigade and assigned to the 1st Virginia Brigade, an element of the. Most records contain few details about individuals'service, and records seldom contain genealogical data. Under this reorganization, which was to be effective on January 1, 1781, Virginia was assigned a quota of eight infantry regiments. On May 7, Washington ordered Col. Richard Parker, commander of the 1st Virginia to return to the state to recruit new troops to reinforce Brig. The term "Virginia Line" referred to the quota of numbered infantry regiments assigned to Virginia at various times by the Continental Congress. List of the revolutionary soldiers of Virginia. The 12th Virginia Regiment in the Revolutionary War. The Americans were divided into two groups, with the Virginians part of Green's division under Brig. The 3rd Virginia Detachment would be formed under Colonel Abraham Buford and was composed of elements of the 7th Virginia, as well as various pieces of other units. Disbanded on January 1, 1783 at Fort Pitt Pennsylvania. Stirling's Division | . The 12th Virginia Regiment The 13th Virginia Regiment The 14th Virginia Regiment The 15th Virginia Regiment Three Additional Continental regiments were raised and allotted to Virginia in 1777. Captain Andrew Wallace Consolidated on May 12, 1779 with the 9th Virginia Regiment and redesignated as the 1st Virginia Regiment, to consist of 9 companies The Continentals had marched all night to the village of Princeton where they stumbled into a British force just setting out for Trenton. The 87 companies were to be organized into nine regiments of ten companies each (the 9th Virginia Regiment having at first only seven companies). In January 1781, Virginia's General Assembly passed a measure which announced that voluntary enlistees in the Virginia Line's regiments would be given a slave as a reward.[1]. Captain Thomas Bowyer He had not-so-subtly dressed in his old French and Indian War uniform, while Congress debated who was trustworthy enough to lead the military forces but not try to become a dictator on the process.
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