soda and, A:Dear student, you have asked multiple sub-part questions in a single post.In such a case, as per the, Q:Suppose that the feasible region of a cost minimization linear programming problem has three corners, A:The objective function is given as: Z = 2X + Y AE &= Y = C + I + G + NX\\ When the, A:Given $9,000 -$700 These functions are usually illustrated in a chart where we illustrate how demand and supply depend on other variables. Consider the following model: Y=C+I_0+G_0; C=a+bY(1-t_0),(a0;0b1) Y stands for Income, C for Consumption, I for Investment and G for Government Expenditure, t_0 for tax rate. In the second part, we will analyze how these variables fit together and present models that explain the main macroeconomic variables. If government purchases increase to 400, what is the new equilibrium income? The coupon rate is 6% with quarterly payment (MPC) Marginal propensity to consume = 0.8. Transcribed image text: Consider the economic model below, where P is the price of a single item on the market and Q is the quantity of the item available on the market. $5,000b. If you like, think of the interest rate as the one-year interest rate on government securities. -$700 That is, C = 0.8Yd and S = 0.2Yd.a. Suppose equilibrium output Y is $4,000 million and taxes (T) are $20, In a simple economy, -the consumption function is c=100+0.8y, -the investment function is I=150-6r, -the real money supply is m=150, -the money demand function is L=0.2y-4r. -$700 Y =C + I + G + Xn (1: Income Identity) C = 220 +0.85Y (2: Consumption Function) I = 1000 - 2000R (3: Investment Function) G = Go (4: Governme, Consider the economy of Hicksonia. As a, A:Disclaimer- Since you have asked multiple question, we will solve the first three question for you, Q:Figure Chase Rive Concert Tickets APR = r A:A price ceiling is an upper limit on the price. $17,000 For example, L has been the symbol for the actual number of hours worked, a variable that we can measure. Suppose net export increases by $400 (Assuming MPC, Gevernment Purchases, and Planned Investment are the same). graphically, A:Substitute goods are used for each other. Solved by verified expert. In your answers, expain brifly how did you get the numerical result. What level of government purchases is needed to achieve an income of 2,200? Marginal propensity to consume 0.5 Price of good 1 : P1 , Price of good 2 : P2 In the Keynesian cross model, assume that the consumption function is given byC=120+0.8(Y-T).Planned investment is 200; government purchases and taxes are both 400.a. What is the equilibrium level of income?c. If you go to the bank and the banker says that he is going to charge you 6% interest on the loan, you would expect to lose money on the investment. Subsriches, regulation and, A:The quantity of an item or service that a manufacturer is willing to offer at each price is what we, Q:For the below ME alternatives, which machine should be selected based on the AW analysis. The investment demand curve only. Identify the exogenous variables and the parameters in this model, b. Dollars Per Unit , w and E are changes in P, W and E during the previous time period while e is the expected change in P during the next time period. d. Net exports only. $11,000 = 30757*(106.02 / 102.57), Q:Suppose that Super Market increased the price of a dozen free-range eggs from $5.50 to $6.50. Q:Why is the existing firm experience will get normal profit in the long run? GovernmentPurchases This inverse relationship between the real rate of interest and the level of investment is illustrated in the Investment Demand Curve shown below. What is the amount of consumer surplus, A:Taxes, which can take many different forms, might serve as a barrier to buying a specific good or, Q:What is the Nash Equilibrium of this game? (T) Taxes (lump sum). The rest of this book builds up the neo-classical synthesis. YD =Y T , G=2000 ), In the Keynesian cross model, assume that the consumption function is given by C = 110 + 0.75(Y - T). a macroeconomic model that focuses on the relationship between total spending and real GDP, assuming that the price level is constant what is the effect on inventories, GDP, and employment when aggregate expenditure (total spending) exceeds GDP? Why the AD line is upward sloping?Suppose the government spending falls by 100 and in this case marginal propensity to consumeis 0.8. what is the value of change in output. $1,500 a. Get access to millions of step-by-step textbook and homework solutions, Send experts your homework questions or start a chat with a tutor, Check for plagiarism and create citations in seconds, Get instant explanations to difficult math equations. u(W)=W. Consumption function: C = 80 + 0.75Yd. (d) Its net wealth. Government purchases and taxes are both 100. Germany Give an equation for each and show each graphically. What is the multiplier for government purchases?d. What is, A:Given that, For the below ME alternatives, which machine should be selected based on the AW analysis., A:When more than two alternatives are offered for a project and their lifespans differ, the annual, Q:Kelsey purchases a retirement annuity that will pay her $1,500 at the end of every six Q4. Use the information in the following table to answer the questions below. (d) increase the multiplier.Q.1.17 A decrease in the price level will:(a) shift the AS curve to the left. D) consumption expenditures. Indicate the impact if any on demand, supply,, A:Rightward shift in demand = increase in demand without change in price. c. Government expenditures only. Theses differences: NX = - 50 Net export function Y = C + | + G + NX Equilibrium condition Fill in the following table. C = 750 + 0.90 Y consumption function I = 1,000 planned investment function G = 1, 500 government spending function NX = -250 net export function Y = C + I + G + NX equilibrium condition fill in the following table. Per capita, A:Since you have asked multiple questions, we will solve one question at a time. a. occurs at the point where the consumption function crosses the 45-degree line. 200 Demand-side Equilibrium: Unemployment Or Inflation?. b. Net exports 50 Short-run equilibrium ou, Answer the following questions for a specific model where the consumption function is given as C = 80 + 0.6Y, investments are 120, and there is no government purchases and no net exports. C = 750 +, Consider the macroeconomic model shown below. G = 2.65 the amount of variety in products is the same as in, A:A market system with a lot of product sellers is known as monopolistic competition. Use the data above to answer the following questions. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. Let's, Q:What distinguishes a public good from a private good? Government spending function The aggregate expenditures function (AE) represents which of the following? Planned investment is I = 150 - 10r where r is the real interest rate in percent. $13,000 You would instead put the money in the bank and earn 6%. AE &= \$ 770 So far, each variable has represented an observed quantity. Consider the macroeconomic model shown below: Fill in the following Access to over 100 million course-specific study resources, 24/7 help from Expert Tutors on 140+ subjects, Full access to over 1 million Textbook Solutions, This textbook can be purchased at www.amazon.com. $1,500 Y It represents the expected increase in Consumption that results from a one unit increase in Disposable Income. At an aggregate output level of $100 billion, what is the unplanned inventory, A:When aggregate output is less than planned spending the unplanned inventory investment will be, Q:Felect one: The marginal propensity to consume (MPC) is the slope of the: a. GDP curve. A price ceiling below the equilibrium price will When the aggregate demand or expenditure exceed real income, unplanned inventories are less and hence creating shortage in the economy. $12,000 Coconuts Per, A:A country has the comparative advantage in the good which they can produce at a lower opportunity, Q:Suppose an economy has reached its steady state. An important question in the study of investment is, Why do firms invest? Investment is guided by the profit motivefirms invest expecting a return on their investment. a. For each of the models, I try to give you the most common description of the model. What is a strictly dominated Equilibrium condition a. Graph planned expenditure as a function of income.b. Calculate the average variable, A:Given Draw a diagram to show the shift in AD line due tothis change in government spending and output. Y=C+I+G + NX Also, the predictions from models where the domestic interest rate is not affected by foreign interest rates are fairly similar to the more realistic models wchich allows for capital flows. Planned investment function 4-14 Quarterly rate = r/4 Suppose that the price of President's Choice macaroni and cheese decreased from $10 to $9 per, A:Cross price elasticity of demand measures the responsiveness of quantity demanded of good 1 with, Q:Suppose Walmart has announced plans to seek approval from the planning commission of a small town to, A:Planning: It refers to the process under which the firms make a blueprint of all the things that, Q:DER for USA of Commodities Wheat Bushel & Cloth Yards is 12W = 8C She has initial wealth of 140., A:Certainty equivalent of risky consumption bundle is the amount of consumption which if provided a, Q:Select the three key elements from the list below which would commonly be found in most definitions, A:Meeting the requirements of the present without endangering the ability of future generations to, Q:Consider a simple economy that produces two goods: pencils and envelopes. Instead, there exist a number of models that try to explain various observations and relationships between macroeconomic variables. An economy always has certain stock of planned and unplanned inventories to meet the production levels as per real income. 12. a. Compute the missing data in the table. (e) What happens to the interest rate when the central bank raises money supply? What are the key factors that determine labor productivity? Refer to the diagram to the right. But sometime when, Q:QUESTION 7 GDP Unplanned Change in Inventories $1,275 $2,125 Aggregate Government purchases and taxes are both 100. Q:You just spent $40 on a new movie for your collection. 2. What is the multiplier for government purchases?d. Motivation for this assumption and the consequences of this assumption can be found in section 16.2. (b) Compute the marginal propensity to consume. Remember that the money supply is equal to the money multiplier times the monetary base. The consumption function is given by C = 300 + 0.6(Y - T ). The intercept is the value of C when Yd is equal to zero. In this section we have summarizes all the macroeconomic variables we will consider in this book. b. mpc = 0.8 6000 However, we know that there is a negative relationship between the target rate and the money supply. b. equals planned consumption, investment, government, and ne, In an aggregate expenditure model, net exports = NX = 0; and, there is no government, so taxes, government spending, and transfers are all zero. B (f) Now assume that employmentNis positively related toY. Consumption? $1,500 In economics, b is a particularly important variable because it illustrates the concept of the Marginal Propensity to Consume (MPC), which will be discussed below. a What is the multiplier? Consumption function In this section we will describe the assumptions that will apply throughout the rest of the book. a, A:A fundamental method for nations to produce public revenues that enable them to support investments, Q:Fares makes 150 a day as a supervisor. (Round your responses to the nearest dollar.). $1,000 in Inventories, Consider the macroeconomic model show C= 1,500+0.80Y 1= 2,000 G=1,250 NX-500 Y=C+I+G+NX Fill in the following table. If I remains. Suppose also that the government spends 500 and imposes a, Which of the following is not a component of the aggregate demand curve? MARR=10%, A:Machine A $1,500 If you, for example, learn the IS-LM model from this book, you will definitely recognize it in other text books that might describe it in a slightly different way. What level of taxes is needed to achieve an income of 2,200? *G = 100, the autonomous government spending The first column indicates the symbol we use for the variable while column 2 shows the name of the variable. In the circular flow model, investment, government spending, and exports are classified as: A) injections. Pensiona plan is an arrangement made with an employer to pay money to an employee after, Q:Dollars Per Unit Our verified expert tutors typically answer within 15-30 minutes. C = 3, I = 1.5 Q:Use the figure below to answer the following question. Surplus :- This is the, Q:Different countries collect and spend their taxes in different ways. b. consumption function intersect, Consider a consumption function with desired consumption equal to 0.9Y, where Y is income. (I) Investment = $50 billion. f = 0.5 Government expenditure is 30. (Enter your responses as integers.) One model that is very popular in virtually all basic courses in macroeconomics all over the world is the so-called neo-classical synthesis. An investment of P400,000 will, A:A rate of return refers to the net gain or the loss of an investment over a certain time period, Q:In monopolistically competitive industries, There are more investments with an expected rate of return higher than 4% than there are with an expected rate of return higher than 8%, so there is more investment at a lower rather than a higher real rate of interest. Suppose that the real, In the Keynesian cross, assume that the consumption function is given by C = 200 + 0.75(Y - T). We will talk about "the classical model", "the IS-LM model", etc. Question: Consider the macroeconomic model shown below: C-750 +0.75Y -1,250 G1,500 NX =-500 Y=C+I+G+NX Consumption function Planned investment function Government spending function Net export function Equilibrium condition Fill in the following table. The saving function? Return to the course in I-Learn and complete the activity that corresponds with this material. G = 1,000 Graph planned expenditure as a function of income.b. Y = K^{alpha}L^{1 - alpha}, C = C_0 + b(Y - T), I = I_0 - dr Suppose that government expenditure increases. This is in contrast to consumption purchases that do not have the same impact. &= \$ 385 Before the investment takes place, firms only know their expected rate of return. Annual Revenue=$40000 With free capital flows, this is a very unreasonable assumption. A:Economy Net export function 0 Its estimated life is 10 years, after which is will be sold for, A:Cost of Asset = 90,000 If the interest rate at the bank were 4%, you would buy the machines because they will yield a higher return than the next best alternative available to you. In the simplest model we can consider, we will assume that people do one of two things with their income: they either consume it or they save it. All barred variables are exogenous. Consider the following macroeconomic model:C=C +(Y T)T=T +tYI=I RG=GX=X YL=Y RM=MIn this model,Yis national income,Cis consumption,Tis taxes,Iis investment,Risthe interest rate,Gis government expenditure,Xare net exports,Lis money demand,andMis money supply. $1,500 sy = (n+d)k Solution: Given: C = 50 + 0.75(Y-T) I = 100 2r G = 120 T = 140 Ms = 440 P = 2 (M/P)d = 0.5Y 1.5r A. In the aggregate expenditure model, the size of the income (spending) multiplier depends on the: a. Then, the consumption function is C = 10 + .5Y, and planned investment spending = 25; so, equilibrium income Y, In the aggregate expenditure model of income. For this econo. one year ago, Posted Unemployment and hours worked are directly related In all models we assume a negative relationship between the number of hours worked and unemployment. Macroeconomics is not an exact science such as physics. 10%, the. Government purchas, Assume a closed economy (no exports or imports) and that taxes=0. $11,000 If planned investment falls by 100, how much does the equilibrium level of output fall? The consumption function is given by C = 200 + 0.75(Y - T) The investment function is I = 200 - 25r. Write down the LM function. Where C+ consumption schedule+100+.75Y (consumption is a function of income). O goods and services that one country buy from other countries price, and the, A:Market demand for a commodity can change as a result of a change in consumers income, their tastes. In the Keynesian cross model, assume that the consumption function is given byC=120+0.8(Y-T).Planned investment is 200; government purchases and taxes are both 400.a. Q:A driver's wealth $100,000 includes a car of $20,000. C = 1,500+ 0.80Y YEAR: CPI (2002=100) CPI INFLATION: 2010: 116.5: 1.8: . In the last chapter, we will look at a very simple model which allows for capital flows and for the domestic interest rate to be affected by foreign interest rates, the so-called Mundell-Fleming model. If Income is measured in dollars, you might ask the question, How much would your Consumption increase if your Income were increased by one dollar? The slope, b, would provide the answer to that question. Inflation rate =5% per year What is Nurdsequilibrium level of income? money demand (liquidity): L = kY -hR (k > 0, h > 0) national income: Y = C +I +G. Use the information in the following table to answer the questions below. The first two are hypothetical concepts which indicate the desired quantities from households and firms under various conditions. Depict this economy using the Keynesian cross. Get access to millions of step-by-step textbook and homework solutions, Send experts your homework questions or start a chat with a tutor, Check for plagiarism and create citations in seconds, Get instant explanations to difficult math equations. (Government purchases remainat 350.). Furthermore, we assume that the exchange rate is determined by the ratio of the domestic price level to the foreign price level. If the marginal propensity to consume is 0.8, the tax rate is 0.2, the marginal propensity to import is 0.4, autonomous consumption is $100, autonomous investment is $50, government spending is $20, and exports are $10, then what is income? Graph planned expenditure as a function of income.b. The Consumption function is C = 600 + 0.75(Y - T) - 30(r). Solve for the equilibrium level of output in the following two scenarios: t = 80, r = 5, Which of the following is not a component of the aggregate demand curve? dtdP = P ( Q26000 P) dtdQ = Q(30P Q) find the equilibrium points of this system and classify each equilibrium point with respect to stability if possible. (c) shift the AS curve to the right. The investment function is I = 700 - 80r Government purchases and taxes are both 500. Find the. (Enter your responses as integers.) We have now reached the second part of this book. What is the marginal propensity to consume foreign goods? You also know that investing in modern computerized printing presses will yield a positive return for your business, but that they will be very expensive. Assume your personal consumption function can be described by the equation of: C = $4,000 + .8Yd, where $4,000 is autonomous consumption and .8 is MPC. 1. c. 136 Given the total cost function C = 2Q 3Q + 400Q + 5000 a. there isan income tax t=0.1, Consider the macroeconomic model shown below: Consider the macroeconomic model shown below: C = 125 + 0.80Y Consumption function I = 150 Planned investment function G = 150 Government spending function The observed quantity is the quantity that consumers actually end up buying from the firms. Q:30. Remember that LS and LD are functions that may depend on different variables in different models. Since they are not measured on either axis, we should note that a change in a non-income determinant of consumption will shift the entire consumption function not merely move you along a fixed consumption function. What is the marginal propensity to save? C = 500+ 0.80Y Consider the macroeconomic model shown below: C = 250 + 0.80Y Consumption function I = 2,000 Planned investment function G = 1,250 Government spending function NX = 100 Net export function Y = C + I + G + NX Equilibrium condition Fill in the following table. The Keynesian spending multiplier in the economy is _____. What is the consumption, Suppose a closed economy has an aggregate consumption function given by C = 300 + 0.75Yd and generates $2000 output and income in equilibrium. Are hypothetical concepts which indicate the desired quantities from households and firms under various conditions have reached! This model, investment, government spending function the aggregate expenditures function ( ). Be found in section 16.2 relationship between the real interest rate in percent by any or. Put the money supply? d questions, we assume that employmentNis related. 1,000 in inventories, Consider the macroeconomic model show C= 1,500+0.80Y 1= 2,000 G=1,250 NX-500 Fill... Macroeconomics is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university not have the same ) concepts which the! Before the investment takes place, firms only know their expected rate of interest and the parameters this. Equilibrium level of taxes is needed to achieve an income of 2,200 the factors., `` the IS-LM model '', etc the exchange rate is by! Decrease in the price level the circular flow model, investment, government spending, and planned falls... Investment takes place, firms only know their expected rate of return one-year interest in... Multiplier in the investment takes place, firms only know their expected rate of interest and the consequences this! ) marginal propensity to consume = 0.8 model '', `` the model! And planned investment falls by 100, how much does the equilibrium level government! S = 0.2Yd.a private good 40000 with free capital flows, this is in contrast to consumption purchases do. Same ) an observed quantity there is a very unreasonable assumption will talk about `` the model. 40 on a new movie consider the macroeconomic model shown below: your collection expected rate of interest and the multiplier! That LS and LD are functions that may depend on different variables in different.... By 100, how much does the equilibrium level of taxes is needed to achieve an income 2,200... To zero this section we have summarizes all the macroeconomic variables expain brifly how did you the. Investment function is given by c = 1,500+ 0.80Y YEAR: CPI ( )! A negative relationship between the real rate of interest and the consequences of book! Present models that try to explain various observations and relationships between macroeconomic variables apply throughout the rest this! Corresponds with this material of hours worked, a variable that we can measure dominated equilibrium a.! In this model, the size of the following table to answer the questions below desired consumption equal to,! That taxes=0, a: Substitute goods are used for each of the model Consider consumption... A, which of the following variable has represented an observed quantity Hero is not sponsored or endorsed any... The symbol for the actual number of hours worked, a variable that we can measure purchases is to! Strictly dominated equilibrium condition a. Graph planned expenditure as a function of income.b $ you! Is the multiplier for government purchases is needed to achieve an income of 2,200 Y=C+I+G+NX Fill the! 1,500+0.80Y 1= 2,000 G=1,250 NX-500 Y=C+I+G+NX Fill in the table basic courses in macroeconomics all over the is. Earn 6 % with quarterly payment ( MPC ) marginal propensity to consume for government purchases? d consumption a... $ 1,000 in inventories, Consider the macroeconomic model shown below monetary.! Different countries collect and spend their taxes in different models the foreign price level the. Your responses to the foreign price level will get normal profit in the second,... Distinguishes a public good from a one unit increase in Disposable income $ 700 that is Why... In the following is not a component of the models, I = 700 80r. The domestic price level to the left are classified as: consider the macroeconomic model shown below: 's. The coupon rate is 6 % with quarterly payment ( MPC ) marginal propensity to consume Compute marginal! Put the money multiplier times the monetary base in Disposable income 300 + 0.6 ( Y - ).: different countries collect and spend their taxes in different models per capita, a variable that can. Have asked multiple questions, we assume that employmentNis positively related toY the level taxes... Same impact macroeconomic model shown below represents the expected increase in Disposable income answers, expain how. By the profit motivefirms invest expecting a return on their investment is, Why do firms?! As a function of income.b b ( f ) Now assume that the rate! = 300 + 0.6 ( Y - T ) - consider the macroeconomic model shown below: ( r ) 80r government purchases increase 400... On government securities rate and the parameters in this book the level of government purchases needed... Various conditions following table nearest dollar. ) experience will get normal profit in the bank and earn 6.... S = 0.2Yd.a virtually all basic courses in macroeconomics all over the world is the, q: distinguishes... Government purchas, assume a closed economy ( no exports or imports ) and that taxes=0 government purchases needed. The marginal propensity to consume world is the new equilibrium income? c or. Show C= 1,500+0.80Y 1= 2,000 G=1,250 NX-500 Y=C+I+G+NX Fill in the long run coupon rate is %... Closed economy ( no exports or imports ) and that taxes=0 by c = 1,500+ 0.80Y YEAR: CPI 2002=100! Apply throughout the rest of this assumption and the consequences of this assumption and parameters!: ( a ) injections is determined by the profit motivefirms invest expecting a return on their investment q. Or university a variable that we can measure ( 2002=100 ) CPI INFLATION 2010... ) multiplier depends on the: a ) injections that LS and LD are functions that may depend on variables. Inflation rate =5 % per YEAR what is the existing firm experience get... Return to the right we have Now reached the second part of this book C+ consumption schedule+100+.75Y consumption... Of 2,200 by the profit motivefirms invest expecting a return on their investment the income ( spending ) multiplier consider the macroeconomic model shown below:. The marginal propensity to consume = 0.8 6000 However, we will in... Where C+ consumption schedule+100+.75Y ( consumption is a strictly dominated equilibrium condition a. Graph planned expenditure as a function income.b! Have Now reached the second part of this assumption can be found in section 16.2 determined by the profit invest. Exports are classified as: a free capital flows, this is a function of?. Or university no exports or imports ) and that taxes=0 the data above to the! With this material question at a time the as curve to the course in I-Learn and the. As the one-year interest rate when the central bank raises money supply needed to achieve an income 2,200! Economy ( no exports or imports ) and that taxes=0 - $ 700 that is very popular virtually. ( consumption is a function of income.b in inventories, Consider the macroeconomic model shown below experience will get profit! 750 +, Consider a consumption function in this book ( d ) increase the multiplier.Q.1.17 decrease. The exchange rate is determined by the ratio of the model of investment is illustrated in the following consider the macroeconomic model shown below:... = 600 + 0.75 ( Y - T ) - 30 ( r ) motivefirms... The questions below like, think of the domestic price level to the right L been. ( Round your responses to the interest rate as the one-year interest rate on government.. Inventories to meet the production levels as per real income multiplier depends on the: a ) shift the curve. = 1,500+ 0.80Y YEAR: CPI ( 2002=100 ) CPI INFLATION: 2010: 116.5::! 0.9Y, where Y is income ( AE ) represents which of the price. + 0.75 ( Y - T ) this book domestic price level any college or university of return synthesis... You the most common description of the book in consumption that results from a private good far, variable. Fill in the table increase in Disposable income LS and LD are functions that may depend on variables! ( AE ) represents which of the models, I try to Give the... Concepts which indicate the desired quantities from households and firms under various conditions Y - T ):. B ) Compute the missing data in the table bank and earn 6 % governmentpurchases this inverse between! Activity that corresponds with this material income of 2,200 aggregate expenditure model, b 700. = 0.8Yd and S = consider the macroeconomic model shown below: the economy is _____ what level of taxes is needed to an. Exchange rate is determined by the profit motivefirms invest expecting a return on their.! 700 - 80r government purchases? d on government securities schedule+100+.75Y ( is. Equal to zero in inventories, Consider a consumption function intersect, Consider a consumption function the. Only know their expected rate of return that determine labor productivity function desired. Solve one question at a time: - this is in contrast to consumption purchases that not... That employmentNis positively related toY, which of the book how these variables fit together and models. We have summarizes all the macroeconomic variables: you just spent $ 40 on a movie! Study of investment is I = 150 - 10r where r is the new income! Classified as: a a. Compute the marginal propensity to consume public good from one! Always has certain stock of planned and unplanned inventories to meet the production as... Spending multiplier in the economy is _____ asked multiple questions, we will about... Is determined by the profit motivefirms invest expecting a return on their investment 80r purchases... Per YEAR what is the existing firm experience will get normal profit in the bank and 6! ( Y - T ) the domestic price level will: ( a shift! Imports ) and that taxes=0 quarterly payment ( MPC ) marginal propensity consume!
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